strchr() function in C Language

• strchr( ) function returns pointer to the first occurrence of the character in a given string. Syntax for strchr( ) function is given below.

char *strchr(const char *str, int character);

Example program for strchr() function in C Language:

• In this program, strchr( ) function is used to locate first occurrence of the character ‘i’ in the string ”This is a string for testing”. Character ‘i’ is located at position 3 and pointer is returned at first occurrence of the character ‘i’.

C

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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () {   char string[55] ="This is a string for testing";   char *p;   p = strchr (string,'i');     printf ("Character i is found at position %d\n",p-string+1);   printf ("First occurrence of character \"i\" in \"%s\" is" \            " \"%s\"",string, p);      return 0; }

Output:

Character i is found at position 3 First occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is is a string for testing”

• If you want to find every occurrence of a character in a given string, you can use below C program.

C

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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main () {   char string[55] ="This is a string for testing";   char *p;   int k = 1;   p = strchr (string,'i');   while (p!=NULL)   {     printf ("Character i found at position %d\n",p-string+1);     printf ("Occurrence of character \"i\" : %d \n",k);     printf ("Occurrence of character \"i\" in \"%s\" is \"%s" \             "\"\n",string, p);     p=strchr(p+1,'i');     k++;   }   return 0; }

Output:

Character i is found at position 3 Occurrence of character “i” : 1 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is is a string for testing” Character i is found at position 6 Occurrence of character “i” : 2 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “is a string for testing” Character i is found at position 14 Occurrence of character “i” : 3 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “ing for testing” Character i is found at position 26 Occurrence of character “i” : 4 Occurrence of character “i” in “This is a string for testing” is “ing”

Other String functions C Language:

• String.h header file supports all the string functions in C language. All the string functions are given below.

S.no	String functions	Description
1	strcat ( )	Concatenates str2 at the end of str1.
2	strncat ( )	appends a portion of string to another
3	strcpy ( )	Copies str2 into str1
4	strncpy ( )	copies given number of characters of one string to another
5	strlen ( )	gives the length of str1.
6	strcmp ( )	Returns 0 if str1 is same as str2. Returns <0 if strl < str2. Returns >0 if str1 > str2.
7	strcmpi ( )	Same as strcmp() function. But, this function negotiates case.  “A” and “a” are treated as same.
8	strchr ( )	Returns pointer to first occurrence of char in str1.
9	strrchr ( )	last occurrence of given character in a string is found
10	strstr ( )	Returns pointer to first occurrence of str2 in str1.
11	strrstr ( )	Returns pointer to last occurrence of str2 in str1.
12	strdup ( )	duplicates the string
13	strlwr ( )	converts string to lowercase
14	strupr ( )	converts string to uppercase
15	strrev ( )	reverses the given string
16	strset ( )	sets all character in a string to given character
17	strnset ( )	It sets the portion of characters in a string to given character
18	strtok ( )	tokenizing given string using delimiter

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