strcmp() function in C Language

• strcmp( ) function in C compares two given strings and returns zero if they are same.
• If length of string1 < string2, it returns < 0 value. If length of string1 > string2, it returns > 0 value. Syntax for strcmp( ) function is given below.

int strcmp ( const char * str1, const char * str2 );

• strcmp( ) function is case sensitive. i.e, “A” and “a” are treated as different characters.

Example program for strcmp( ) function in C Language:

• In this program, strings “fresh” and “refresh” are compared. 0 is returned when strings are equal. Negative value is returned when str1 < str2 and positive value is returned when str1 > str2.

C

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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main( ) {    char str1[ ] = "fresh" ;    char str2[ ] = "refresh" ;    int i, j, k ;    i = strcmp ( str1, "fresh" ) ;    j = strcmp ( str1, str2 ) ;    k = strcmp ( str1, "f" ) ;    printf ( "\n%d %d %d", i, j, k ) ;    return 0; }

Output:

0 -1 1

Other String functions C Language:

• String.h header file supports all the string functions in C language. All the string functions are given below.

S.no	String functions	Description
1	strcat ( )	Concatenates str2 at the end of str1.
2	strncat ( )	appends a portion of string to another
3	strcpy ( )	Copies str2 into str1
4	strncpy ( )	copies given number of characters of one string to another
5	strlen ( )	gives the length of str1.
6	strcmp.(.)	Returns 0 if str1 is same as str2. Returns <0 if strl < str2. Returns >0 if str1 > str2.
7	strcmpi ( )	Same as strcmp() function. But, this function negotiates case.  “A” and “a” are treated as same.
8	strchr ( )	Returns pointer to first occurrence of char in str1.
9	strrchr ( )	last occurrence of given character in a string is found
10	strstr ( )	Returns pointer to first occurrence of str2 in str1.
11	strrstr ( )	Returns pointer to last occurrence of str2 in str1.
12	strdup ( )	duplicates the string
13	strlwr ( )	converts string to lowercase
14	strupr ( )	converts string to uppercase
15	strrev ( )	reverses the given string
16	strset ( )	sets all character in a string to given character
17	strnset ( )	It sets the portion of characters in a string to given character
18	strtok ( )	tokenizing given string using delimiter

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